Peyotism eventually became fused with Christianity, and the Native American Church was formed in 1918 to protect peyotism as a form of worship. The hallucinogenic mushrooms of Mexico were considered sacred and were called “god’s flesh” by the Aztecs, and during the 19th century the Mescalero Apaches of the southwestern United States practiced a peyote rite that was adopted by many of the Plains tribes. Historically, native societies of the Western Hemisphere utilized plants containing psychedelic substances. Historical use and early scientific interest Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in cannabis, or marijuana, obtained from the leaves and tops of plants in the genus Cannabis, is also sometimes classified as a hallucinogen. Other hallucinogens include bufotenine, originally isolated from the skin of toads harmine, from the seed coats of a plant of the Middle East and Mediterranean region and the synthetic compounds methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and phencyclidine ( PCP). cubensis).Īfter a pause of several decades, scientists have resumed investigating how hallucinogens could be used to treat a variety. Among the most prevalent of these are d-lysergic acid diethylamide, or LSD-25, which originally was derived from ergot ( Claviceps purpurea), a fungus on rye and wheat mescaline, the active principle of the peyote cactus ( Lophophora williamsii), which grows in the southwestern United States and Mexico and psilocybin and psilocin, which come from certain mushrooms (notably two Mexican species, Psilocybe mexicana and P. The psychopharmacological drugs that have aroused widespread interest and controversy are those that produce marked aberrations in behaviour or perception. Hallucinogens heighten sensory signals, but this is often accompanied by loss of control over what is experienced. Hallucinogens produce changes in perception, thought, and feeling, ranging from distortions of what is sensed (illusions) to sensing objects where none exist ( hallucinations). Hallucinogen, substance that produces psychological effects that tend to be associated with phenomena such as dreams or religious exaltation or with mental disorders such as schizophrenia.
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